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Postoji mala masna žlijezda koja se nalazi iza naše prsne kosti i za koju se često zna reći da je ‘beskorisna‘ u odrasloj dobi. Riječ je o timusu ili prsnoj žlijezdi.

Mnogi ljudi ni ne znaju gdje se nalazi timus, niti čemu služi, a čak su ga i liječnici dugo smatrali potrošnim materijalom kod odraslih. Međutim nova studija (objavljena u časopisu The New England Journal of Medicine), a u kojoj su harvardski znanstvenici uspoređivali podatke pacijenata kojima je uklonjen timus s onima kojima nije, otkriva da pacijenti kojima je uklonjena prsna žlijezda imaju gotovo trostruko veći rizik od smrti zbog raznih uzroka, uključujući dvostruko veći rizik od raka.

Ispada da upravo suprotno dosadašnjim vjerovanjima, ovaj organ veličine oraha nije nimalo beskoristan nego zapravo igra važnu ulogu u imunološkom zdravlju kako starimo, posebice u prevenciji raka.

Prsna žlijezda najveća je u dojenčadi (od rođenja pa do druge ili treće godine) i težine je od otprilike 30-40 grama, nakon čega prestaje s rastom i počinje se smanjivati u adolescenciji pod utjecajem spolnih hormona. U slučaju bolesti i potrebe za uklanjanjem prsne žlijezde, u odrasloj dobi čovjek može živjeti bez nje. Prsna žlijezda je organ osjetljiv na utjecaj stresa i anksioznosti, konzumaciju alkohola i korištenje cigareta ili droga, što može u odrasloj dobi potaknuti njegov rast, odnosno hipertrofiju te aktivirati autoimune bolesti kao što je mijastenija gravis.

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image
Sebastian Kaulitzki/science Phot/Science Photo Library Via Afp
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Kao što je poznato tijekom djetinjstva timus ima ključnu ulogu u razvoju imunološkog sustava tako što proizvodi T-stanice koje se bore protiv klica i bolesti. Uklanjanje timusa u mladoj dobi dovodi do dugoročnog smanjenja T-stanica i oslabljenog imunološkog odgovora na cjepiva.

Do puberteta, timus se skuplja i proizvodi manje T-stanica, zbog čega se čini nepotrebnim. Međutim, kao što smo  gore naveli, znanstvenici su otkrili da su pojedinci kojima je uklonjen, imali gotovo dvostruko veću vjerojatnost da će umrijeti unutar pet godina i dvostruko veću vjerojatnost da će razviti rak unutar istog razdoblja u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom.

To sugerira da bi timus mogao igrati ulogu u održavanju zdravlja odraslih. Razlozi za ove povezanosti ostaju nejasni, ali znanstvenici nagađaju da bi nedostatak timusa mogao značajno utjecati na zdravu funkciju imunološkog sustava odrasle osobe. Neki pacijenti kojima je uklonjen timus pokazali su manje raznolike T-stanične receptore u krvi, što bi moglo pridonijeti razvoju raka ili autoimunih bolesti nakon operacije.

„Zajedno, ovi nalazi podupiru ulogu timusa koji doprinosi proizvodnji novih T-stanica u odrasloj dobi i održavanju zdravlja odraslih ljudi, zaključuju autori studije koja je objavljena u časopisu The New England Journal of Medicine.

 

 

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Postoji mala masna žlijezda koja se nalazi iza naše prsne kosti i za koju se često zna reći da je ‘beskorisna‘ u odrasloj dobi. Riječ je o timusu ili prsnoj žlijezdi.

Mnogi ljudi ni ne znaju gdje se nalazi timus, niti čemu služi, a čak su ga i liječnici dugo smatrali potrošnim materijalom kod odraslih. Međutim nova studija (objavljena u časopisu The New England Journal of Medicine), a u kojoj su harvardski znanstvenici uspoređivali podatke pacijenata kojima je uklonjen timus s onima kojima nije, otkriva da pacijenti kojima je uklonjena prsna žlijezda imaju gotovo trostruko veći rizik od smrti zbog raznih uzroka, uključujući dvostruko veći rizik od raka.

Ispada da upravo suprotno dosadašnjim vjerovanjima, ovaj organ veličine oraha nije nimalo beskoristan nego zapravo igra važnu ulogu u imunološkom zdravlju kako starimo, posebice u prevenciji raka.

Prsna žlijezda najveća je u dojenčadi (od rođenja pa do druge ili treće godine) i težine je od otprilike 30-40 grama, nakon čega prestaje s rastom i počinje se smanjivati u adolescenciji pod utjecajem spolnih hormona. U slučaju bolesti i potrebe za uklanjanjem prsne žlijezde, u odrasloj dobi čovjek može živjeti bez nje. Prsna žlijezda je organ osjetljiv na utjecaj stresa i anksioznosti, konzumaciju alkohola i korištenje cigareta ili droga, što može u odrasloj dobi potaknuti njegov rast, odnosno hipertrofiju te aktivirati autoimune bolesti kao što je mijastenija gravis.

---

image
Sebastian Kaulitzki/science Phot/Science Photo Library Via Afp
---

Kao što je poznato tijekom djetinjstva timus ima ključnu ulogu u razvoju imunološkog sustava tako što proizvodi T-stanice koje se bore protiv klica i bolesti. Uklanjanje timusa u mladoj dobi dovodi do dugoročnog smanjenja T-stanica i oslabljenog imunološkog odgovora na cjepiva.

Do puberteta, timus se skuplja i proizvodi manje T-stanica, zbog čega se čini nepotrebnim. Međutim, kao što smo  gore naveli, znanstvenici su otkrili da su pojedinci kojima je uklonjen, imali gotovo dvostruko veću vjerojatnost da će umrijeti unutar pet godina i dvostruko veću vjerojatnost da će razviti rak unutar istog razdoblja u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom.

To sugerira da bi timus mogao igrati ulogu u održavanju zdravlja odraslih. Razlozi za ove povezanosti ostaju nejasni, ali znanstvenici nagađaju da bi nedostatak timusa mogao značajno utjecati na zdravu funkciju imunološkog sustava odrasle osobe. Neki pacijenti kojima je uklonjen timus pokazali su manje raznolike T-stanične receptore u krvi, što bi moglo pridonijeti razvoju raka ili autoimunih bolesti nakon operacije.

„Zajedno, ovi nalazi podupiru ulogu timusa koji doprinosi proizvodnji novih T-stanica u odrasloj dobi i održavanju zdravlja odraslih ljudi, zaključuju autori studije koja je objavljena u časopisu The New England Journal of Medicine.

 

 

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Sebastian Kaulitzki/science Phot/Science Photo Library Via Afp Sebastian Kaulitzki/science Phot/Science Photo Library Via Afp
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Zdravljenovo istraživanje

‘Beskoristan‘ organ koji liječnici često uklanjaju zapravo može biti vrlo koristan i boriti se protiv raka!

Piše VIJESTI SD
15. kolovoza 2023. - 13:22
25445237
Sebastian Kaulitzki/science Phot/Science Photo Library Via Afp

Postoji mala masna žlijezda koja se nalazi iza naše prsne kosti i za koju se često zna reći da je ‘beskorisna‘ u odrasloj dobi. Riječ je o timusu ili prsnoj žlijezdi.

Mnogi ljudi ni ne znaju gdje se nalazi timus, niti čemu služi, a čak su ga i liječnici dugo smatrali potrošnim materijalom kod odraslih. Međutim nova studija (objavljena u časopisu The New England Journal of Medicine), a u kojoj su harvardski znanstvenici uspoređivali podatke pacijenata kojima je uklonjen timus s onima kojima nije, otkriva da pacijenti kojima je uklonjena prsna žlijezda imaju gotovo trostruko veći rizik od smrti zbog raznih uzroka, uključujući dvostruko veći rizik od raka.

Ispada da upravo suprotno dosadašnjim vjerovanjima, ovaj organ veličine oraha nije nimalo beskoristan nego zapravo igra važnu ulogu u imunološkom zdravlju kako starimo, posebice u prevenciji raka.

Prsna žlijezda najveća je u dojenčadi (od rođenja pa do druge ili treće godine) i težine je od otprilike 30-40 grama, nakon čega prestaje s rastom i počinje se smanjivati u adolescenciji pod utjecajem spolnih hormona. U slučaju bolesti i potrebe za uklanjanjem prsne žlijezde, u odrasloj dobi čovjek može živjeti bez nje. Prsna žlijezda je organ osjetljiv na utjecaj stresa i anksioznosti, konzumaciju alkohola i korištenje cigareta ili droga, što može u odrasloj dobi potaknuti njegov rast, odnosno hipertrofiju te aktivirati autoimune bolesti kao što je mijastenija gravis.

image
Sebastian Kaulitzki/science Phot/Science Photo Library Via Afp

Kao što je poznato tijekom djetinjstva timus ima ključnu ulogu u razvoju imunološkog sustava tako što proizvodi T-stanice koje se bore protiv klica i bolesti. Uklanjanje timusa u mladoj dobi dovodi do dugoročnog smanjenja T-stanica i oslabljenog imunološkog odgovora na cjepiva.

Do puberteta, timus se skuplja i proizvodi manje T-stanica, zbog čega se čini nepotrebnim. Međutim, kao što smo  gore naveli, znanstvenici su otkrili da su pojedinci kojima je uklonjen, imali gotovo dvostruko veću vjerojatnost da će umrijeti unutar pet godina i dvostruko veću vjerojatnost da će razviti rak unutar istog razdoblja u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom.

To sugerira da bi timus mogao igrati ulogu u održavanju zdravlja odraslih. Razlozi za ove povezanosti ostaju nejasni, ali znanstvenici nagađaju da bi nedostatak timusa mogao značajno utjecati na zdravu funkciju imunološkog sustava odrasle osobe. Neki pacijenti kojima je uklonjen timus pokazali su manje raznolike T-stanične receptore u krvi, što bi moglo pridonijeti razvoju raka ili autoimunih bolesti nakon operacije.

„Zajedno, ovi nalazi podupiru ulogu timusa koji doprinosi proizvodnji novih T-stanica u odrasloj dobi i održavanju zdravlja odraslih ljudi, zaključuju autori studije koja je objavljena u časopisu The New England Journal of Medicine.

 

 

#PRSA ŽLIJEZDA#TIMUS#IMUNITET#RAK
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11. svibanj 2024 16:11