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[title] => Loše vijesti iz Kine: imunitet na koronu u nekih je prolazan, drugi ga niti ne razviju. Što to znači za cijepljenje i kako će nam utjecati na živote?
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Zapanjujuće niska razina antitijela na Covid-19 u dijela pacijenata koji su preboljeli infekciju koronavirusom mogla bi značiti jako loše vijesti. Vijesti, u množini.
Istraživanje provedeno u Šangaju, prvo takve vrste, pokazalo je da je čak trećina zaraženih SARS-CoV-2 virusom po otpuštanju iz bolnice imala neočekivano nisku razinu antitijela na Covid-19, a u nekim slučajevima antitijela uopće nisu pronađena. Napomenimo da je provjera provedena na uzorku od samo 175 ljudi i da su, kako i sami istraživači sa Sveučilišta Fuan ističu, potrebna opsežnija ispitivanja, no prema onome što su naveli u preliminarnim dokumentima objavljenima na Medrxiv.org, razloga za zabrinutost itekako ima.
Niska razina antitijela na Covid-19 mogla bi značiti da neke osobe unatoč tome što su preboljele zarazu koronavirusom nisu stekle imunitet na SARS-CoV-2. Odnosno, na koronu mogu dobiti i 'repete'.
Svi ispitani pacijenti imali su umjereno jake simptome bolesti, a osobe kod kojih su utvrđene niske razine antitijela na koronavirus bile podjednako dugo bolesne kao i one koje su razvile očekivane razine antitijela. Ono što dosta 'bode oči' je dobna razlika među grupama rekonvalescenata. Prema podacima do kojih su došli šangajski stručnjaci, po pitanju antitijela daleko bolje stoje stariji - kod pacijenata starih između 60 i 85 godina razina antitijela je tri puta viša nego kod onih iz grupe stare između 15 i 39.
---
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Znanstvenici su osobito zbunjeni što kod deset otpuštenih iz bolnice uopće nisu pronašli očekivana antitijela. Jedno od objašnjenja je da se kod rih osoba možda aktivirao neki drugi dio imunosnog sustava, možda citokini, no nije jasno na koji način. Nije jasno ni što ovo sve znači za imunitet krda, kao ni za mogućnost cijepljenja. Kad aktivni virus u dijela oboljelih nije uspio izazvati reakciju antitijela, kako će to onda uspjeti oslabljeni virus iz cjepiva?
Zapravo, puno je toga nejasno, a dr. Huang Jinghe, vođa tima sa Sveučilišta Fuan, upozorava kako je ovo samo kliničko istraživanje. Dodao je, ipak, prenosi South China Morning Post, da bi znastvenici koji rade na cjepivu ove podatke svakako trebali uzeti u obzir.
Međutim, njihovi podaci podigli su popriličnu prašinu, a komentirao ih je i dr Anthony Fauci, ravnatelj Nacionalnog instituta za alergije i infektivne bolesti. U razgovoru s urednikom časopisa Journal of the American Medical Association, Howardom Bauchnerom, izjavio je kako vjeruje da će ljudi koji su preboljeli Covid-19 imati imunitet na koronavirus, barem neko vrijeme.
- Zarazi li se netko sad pa se oporavi, imat će, ja vjerujem, imunitet i u rujnu ili listopadu - rekao je dr. Fauci, što je u skladu je to s njegovim ranijim izjavama kao i stavom da je virus tek neznatno mutirao pa nema straha da će cjepivo, jednog dana kad ga budemo imali, biti nedjelotvorno.
---
---
Tko je u pravu, dr. Huang ili dr. Fauci?
Premda je Huangovo istraživanje provedeno na malom reprezentativnom uzorku, u prilog mu idu primjeri iz Japana i Južne Koreje. Kako je javio Buisness Insider, u Osaki Japanu je zabilježen slučaj žene koja se zarazila u siječnju, završila u bolnici i tri tjedna kasnije bolest preboljela da bi ju krajem veljače ponovo dobila. Tada su tamošnji liječnici komentirali kako je moguće da je kod nekih osoba imunitet na koronavirus kratkog vijeka.
U Južnoj Koreji, pak, prije nekoliko je dana registrirana zaraza kod 51 prethodno oporavljene osobe. Kako navodi južnokorejska novinska agencija Yonhap, u ovom se slučaju sumnja na reaktivaciju virusa. Kako su ljudi testirani u prilično kratkom roku od otpuštanja iz bolnice po (navodnom) oporavku, isključuje se mogućnost da su se negdje zarazili. To bi značilo da se zapravo nisu riješili virusa nego da se on samo pritajio, kao što se događa s virusom herpesa. Kao i da PCR testovi na prisutnost koronavirusa u tijelu nisu potpuno pouzdani.
Što ovo sve znači za mogućnost cijepljenja, koju čekamo kao ozebli sunce i za povratak života u normalu? Nadajmo se da će odgovori stići brzo i da će biti bolji od loših vijesti iz Kine. I Japana. I Koreje...
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Zapanjujuće niska razina antitijela na Covid-19 u dijela pacijenata koji su preboljeli infekciju koronavirusom mogla bi značiti jako loše vijesti. Vijesti, u množini.
Istraživanje provedeno u Šangaju, prvo takve vrste, pokazalo je da je čak trećina zaraženih SARS-CoV-2 virusom po otpuštanju iz bolnice imala neočekivano nisku razinu antitijela na Covid-19, a u nekim slučajevima antitijela uopće nisu pronađena. Napomenimo da je provjera provedena na uzorku od samo 175 ljudi i da su, kako i sami istraživači sa Sveučilišta Fuan ističu, potrebna opsežnija ispitivanja, no prema onome što su naveli u preliminarnim dokumentima objavljenima na Medrxiv.org, razloga za zabrinutost itekako ima.
Niska razina antitijela na Covid-19 mogla bi značiti da neke osobe unatoč tome što su preboljele zarazu koronavirusom nisu stekle imunitet na SARS-CoV-2. Odnosno, na koronu mogu dobiti i 'repete'.
Svi ispitani pacijenti imali su umjereno jake simptome bolesti, a osobe kod kojih su utvrđene niske razine antitijela na koronavirus bile podjednako dugo bolesne kao i one koje su razvile očekivane razine antitijela. Ono što dosta 'bode oči' je dobna razlika među grupama rekonvalescenata. Prema podacima do kojih su došli šangajski stručnjaci, po pitanju antitijela daleko bolje stoje stariji - kod pacijenata starih između 60 i 85 godina razina antitijela je tri puta viša nego kod onih iz grupe stare između 15 i 39.
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Znanstvenici su osobito zbunjeni što kod deset otpuštenih iz bolnice uopće nisu pronašli očekivana antitijela. Jedno od objašnjenja je da se kod rih osoba možda aktivirao neki drugi dio imunosnog sustava, možda citokini, no nije jasno na koji način. Nije jasno ni što ovo sve znači za imunitet krda, kao ni za mogućnost cijepljenja. Kad aktivni virus u dijela oboljelih nije uspio izazvati reakciju antitijela, kako će to onda uspjeti oslabljeni virus iz cjepiva?
Zapravo, puno je toga nejasno, a dr. Huang Jinghe, vođa tima sa Sveučilišta Fuan, upozorava kako je ovo samo kliničko istraživanje. Dodao je, ipak, prenosi South China Morning Post, da bi znastvenici koji rade na cjepivu ove podatke svakako trebali uzeti u obzir.
Međutim, njihovi podaci podigli su popriličnu prašinu, a komentirao ih je i dr Anthony Fauci, ravnatelj Nacionalnog instituta za alergije i infektivne bolesti. U razgovoru s urednikom časopisa Journal of the American Medical Association, Howardom Bauchnerom, izjavio je kako vjeruje da će ljudi koji su preboljeli Covid-19 imati imunitet na koronavirus, barem neko vrijeme.
- Zarazi li se netko sad pa se oporavi, imat će, ja vjerujem, imunitet i u rujnu ili listopadu - rekao je dr. Fauci, što je u skladu je to s njegovim ranijim izjavama kao i stavom da je virus tek neznatno mutirao pa nema straha da će cjepivo, jednog dana kad ga budemo imali, biti nedjelotvorno.
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Tko je u pravu, dr. Huang ili dr. Fauci?
Premda je Huangovo istraživanje provedeno na malom reprezentativnom uzorku, u prilog mu idu primjeri iz Japana i Južne Koreje. Kako je javio Buisness Insider, u Osaki Japanu je zabilježen slučaj žene koja se zarazila u siječnju, završila u bolnici i tri tjedna kasnije bolest preboljela da bi ju krajem veljače ponovo dobila. Tada su tamošnji liječnici komentirali kako je moguće da je kod nekih osoba imunitet na koronavirus kratkog vijeka.
U Južnoj Koreji, pak, prije nekoliko je dana registrirana zaraza kod 51 prethodno oporavljene osobe. Kako navodi južnokorejska novinska agencija Yonhap, u ovom se slučaju sumnja na reaktivaciju virusa. Kako su ljudi testirani u prilično kratkom roku od otpuštanja iz bolnice po (navodnom) oporavku, isključuje se mogućnost da su se negdje zarazili. To bi značilo da se zapravo nisu riješili virusa nego da se on samo pritajio, kao što se događa s virusom herpesa. Kao i da PCR testovi na prisutnost koronavirusa u tijelu nisu potpuno pouzdani.
Što ovo sve znači za mogućnost cijepljenja, koju čekamo kao ozebli sunce i za povratak života u normalu? Nadajmo se da će odgovori stići brzo i da će biti bolji od loših vijesti iz Kine. I Japana. I Koreje...
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Sajjad Hussain
Firefighters spray disinfectant on an alley of a residential area during a government-imposed nationwide lockdown as a preventive measure against the COVID-19 coronavirus, in New Delhi on April 9, 2020 (Photo by Sajjad HUSSAIN/AFP)
Tauseef Mustafa
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16. svibanj 2024 21:22
